Archives

  • Special Issue on Deflection: A New Horizon for Police, Public Health, and Community
    Vol. 7 No. 2-8 (2025)

    The Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies in Human Rights & Science (JMSHRS), published by the Knowmad Institut in collaboration with the Police, Treatment, and Community Collaborative (PTACC), and aligned with the principles of the Rome Consensus 2.0, proudly presents this Special Issue: Deflection: A New Horizon for Police, Public Health, and Community.

    This issue explores Deflection as an innovative, evidence-based model that redefines the intersection of public health, public safety, and justice reform. Across seven peer-reviewed articles, the volume presents a multidimensional view of Deflection as a strategic, pre-arrest intervention that diverts individuals with substance use disorders, mental health needs, or social vulnerabilities away from the criminal legal system and into community-based care.

    The contributions highlight practical implementations—from Quick Response Teams (QRTs) and Veterans Health Administration programs to Motivational Interviewing and trauma-informed strategies—and analyze the structural, philosophical, and ethical dimensions that underpin Deflection. Key insights include new indicators to evaluate recovery outcomes, strategies for improving law enforcement responses to opioid overdoses, and the importance of culturally responsive, community-driven frameworks.

    Grounded in the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs 3, 5, 10, 16), this Special Issue enriches the global conversation on public health-centered justice, elevating Deflection as a transformative practice that fosters resilience, dignity, and social equity. Collectively, these articles expand the global evidence base and invite researchers, practitioners, and policymakers to rethink how societies address substance use, mental health, and public safety through interdisciplinary collaboration and compassion.

  • Development Report - Global Country Policy Review: A humanitarian comparative analysis on drug policies, on the basis of the Rome Consensus 2.0
    Vol. 7 No. 1 (2025)

    The Global Country Policy Review presents a comparative, humanitarian-based analysis of drug policies aligned with the Rome Consensus 2.0 principles. This study, conducted over two years, evaluates the evolution of national drug policy frameworks, emphasizing the transition from punitive models to human rights-based approaches. The research identifies significant challenges in policy implementation, despite advancements in legal and technical narratives prioritizing public health, harm reduction, and social reintegration.

    At the core of this study are two key tools:

    • The Drug Policy Benchmark, a systematic evaluation model designed to measure the alignment of national policies with human rights and evidence-based approaches.
    • The Early Warning System (EWS), an AI-powered mechanism that integrates open science and real-time data monitoring to detect emerging trends and policy gaps.

    The research highlights the role of international cooperation, civil society engagement, and open data methodologies in fostering more effective, inclusive, and sustainable drug policies. The findings reveal that while many countries recognize the importance of reducing excessive penalties for drug-related offenses, in practice, punitive measures remain prevalent.

    By integrating quantitative and qualitative analysis, the study provides an in-depth understanding of the challenges and opportunities in global drug policy reform. It also sets the groundwork for future policy adaptations through a unified evidence-based monitoring framework, facilitating better coordination between states, academia, and civil society.

    This work contributes to the global discourse on drug policy transformation, advocating for the adoption of scientific, humanistic, and pragmatic approaches that prioritize social justice, public health, and sustainable development.

  • Teaching Attitudes and the Participation of Individuals with Physical Motor Disabilities in Higher Education in El Salvador
    Vol. 6 No. 6 (2024)

    This study explores university teachers' attitudes toward the inclusion of students with physical motor disabilities in higher education in El Salvador. Using a quantitative approach and a substantial sample of 384 teachers, the research examines perceptions and attitudes regarding the participation of people with disabilities in the university setting. The findings indicate that a significant proportion of teachers hold negative attitudes, potentially influencing the low participation rates of students with disabilities. The analysis suggests these attitudes are linked to sociodemographic factors and a lack of training in special education. Additionally, a theoretical model is proposed to illustrate how teachers' attitudes impact educational inclusion, emphasizing the need for targeted interventions to promote a more inclusive educational environment. The study provides a robust foundation for future policies and programs aimed at addressing attitudinal barriers in higher education, aligning with Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) 4 and 10.

  • A Particular Interpretation of the History of Spain
    Vol. 6 No. 5 (2024)

    Franco's speeches are loaded with anti-liberal rhetorical arguments, peppered with anti-communism, anti-Semitism, and anti-Masonry. Many examples can be given. In them, he presented his particular interpretation of the history of Spain, a rhetorical model on which the revisionist theses would later be based. In this sense, we will study, as inspiring sources of the revisionist positions in the study of contemporary history, some examples that reflect his particular analysis of the history of Spain, which will be based on his oft-repeated theory of the Jewish-masonic-communist conspiracy.

  • Interpretation of Aquatic Elements and Deities in Chalchuapa Monument 21
    Vol. 6 No. 4 (2024)

    This paper delves into the significant interpretation of aquatic elements in the context of Monument 21 at Chalchuapa, a Mesoamerican archaeological site of great historical and cultural relevance. The central focus is on the veneration of the deities Chalchiuhtlicue, the goddess of running water, and Tlaloc, the god of rain. Through an exhaustive documentary exploration and an in-depth review of the related decorations and artifacts, this study aims to shed light on the crucial role these aquatic deities played in the worldview and religious practices of the Mesoamerican civilization. Additionally, the influence and management of water resources will be analyzed, along with the relationship between humanity and nature in an archaeological environment as unique as Chalchuapa.

     

  • Impacto De La Guerra En Ucrania En La Economía De El Salvador
    Vol. 6 No. 3 (2024)

    The research article addresses the economic impact of the war in Ukraine on El Salvador. Despite being outside the direct conflict, El Salvador has suffered repercussions due to its dependence on fuel imports, especially from the U.S. The EU and U.S. sanctions against Russia caused a drastic increase in oil and gas prices, which doubled from $60 to $120. This increase affected fuel prices in El Salvador, raising the price of gasoline to $5 per gallon and diesel to $4.80. To mitigate this impact, the Salvadoran government exempted two taxes on fuels. The research includes the context, background, justification, research questions, objectives, methodological design, and analysis of results.

  • The Research Competencies of University Professors: A Literature Review
    Vol. 6 No. 2 (2024)

    This study addresses the importance of research competencies among university professors in academic knowledge generation. It explores the current state of research in this field and highlights gaps and emerging areas of interest. Through a systematic literature review, the analysis focuses on the methods and approaches used to characterize these competencies, as well as the prevalence of research in developing countries. It emphasizes the need for future research to adopt a comprehensive approach and employ mixed methods to better understand the research competencies of university faculty.

  • PROGRESS REPORT GLOBAL COUNTRY POLICY REVIEW: A HUMANITARIAN COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS ON DRUG POLICIES, ON THE BASIS OF THE ROME CONSENSUS 2.0
    Vol. 6 No. 1 (2024)

    This report represents a pioneering contribution to the global understanding of drug policy through a combined approach of bibliometric analysis and the development of preliminary country profiles. It aims to uncover trends, challenges, and opportunities in global drug policy, focusing on alignment with humanitarian principles, the Rome Consensus 2.0, and Sustainable Development Goals. This comes in the wake of the recognized ineffectiveness of the War on Drugs strategy in reducing drug use or drug-related crime, thereby failing to enhance public safety and health. The project introduces a novel vision for future national policies that aspire to achieve the desired public safety and health outcomes.

    Employing an innovative and rigorous methodology, this study leverages bibliometric analysis alongside a detailed qualitative examination of drug policies in various countries. The bibliometric analysis provides an overview of prevailing research trends and themes within the drug policy literature, analyzing a refined sample of 24,917 research inputs from 2014-2023, with a focus on substances such as cannabis, alcohol, cocaine, heroin, and methamphetamines. Concurrently, the qualitative country profiles offer specific insights into the national-level implementation and impact of these policies.

  • Bilateral Relations Between El Salvador and the United States
    Vol. 5 No. 5 (2023)

    "Bilateral Relations of El Salvador with the United States in the Period 2014-2023" offers an academic exploration of the political and diplomatic dynamics between El Salvador and the United States. It covers the shifts in El Salvador's foreign policy, highlighting significant changes across different administrations. The study examines these relationships through the lenses of international law and Salvadoran diplomatic history, with a focus on how changing political landscapes have influenced bilateral relations and the broader impact on both nations.

  • Challenges surrounding Integrated Water Resources Management in Guatemala
    Vol. 5 No. 4 (2023)

    Water is essential in all aspects of life, serving as a crucial resource for any nation's survival and growth. Environmental experts in Guatemala acknowledge the country's ample water supply, yet they highlight a significant deficiency in its management capabilities. A key Sustainable Development Goal focuses on providing universal access to water and sanitation, urging the implementation of integrated water resources management at every level, possibly extending to cross-border collaborations, by 2030. This study provides an insight into Guatemala's legal and institutional framework, revealing its fragmented legal system and the inadequacy or duplication in institutional roles necessary for effective and sustainable water resource management. It underlines the need for robust information systems to track water sources and usage, the importance of public investment in water accessibility, and a geographic approach to managing river basins within Guatemala. Additionally, it emphasizes the need for conflict analysis to foster discussions leading to a unified legal framework and highlights the critical role of local governments in providing clean drinking water and sanitation services in their areas.

  • Development of Critical Thinking: Effects of Teaching Strategies in a Writing Course for Communication Students
    Vol. 5 No. 3 (2023)

    This research aimed at determining the incidence of the application of teaching strategies in the development of critical thinking skills in students of the subject Writing Styles majoring in communication at Universidad Don Bosco. Using a quasi-experimental design, the critical thinking skills of two groups of students were measured before and after the treatment applied to the experimental group.

  • The Module on Cyberbullying (MOCIBA): An exploration of digital gender-based violence in Mexico
    Vol. 5 No. 2 (2023)

    The article "The Module on Cyberbullying (MOCIBA), a strategy to visualize gender digital violence in Mexico" presents the results of MOCIBA, an experimental module within a larger survey, which demonstrates the increasing incidence of cyberbullying in Mexico, particularly towards women and girls. The objective of the article is to highlight gender digital violence and the need to address this problem in the country. Through a thorough review of MOCIBA in its different editions, the importance of this strategy for tackling cyberbullying in Mexico is emphasized.

  • Human Rights and Drug Policy in Germany
    Vol. 5 No. 1 (2023)

    The special issue of the Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies in Human Rights & Science (JMSHRS) offers a detailed analysis of the current debate on drug policies, cannabis regulation, and human rights in Germany. Experts from the Knowmad Institute and members of LEAP-Deutschland conducted a survey to provide a comprehensive overview of the national and international situation, contributing to the discussion.

    This publication provides a comprehensive view of the current debate on drug policies and human rights in Germany and presents practical recommendations for effective reform.

  • Nuclear Energy | Yulu Epistemology
    Vol. 4 No. 1-2 (2022)

  • Stigma & Discrimination related to Substance Abuse: Deconstructing sophism's towards Humanitarian Public Policies
    Vol. 3 No. 2 (2021)

    ...International research has documented that stigma and discrimination as one of the main barriers to care in the field of addictions (Room, 2005; Kulesza et al., 2014; Krawczyk et al. Al., 2015; Cama et al., 2016; Yang et al., 2017; Volkow, 2020). Drug users are socially perceived as people incapable of self-control, responsible for their own behavior (Corrigan et al., 2009) and this perception could impact their recovery process and emotional well-being. Exclusion, rejection and other discriminatory practices such as physical and verbal abuse have been identified in drug users attending treatment (Redko et al., 2007; Gueta, 2017; Mora-Ríos et al., 2017, Rafful et al., 2019 ). Likewise, it has been reported in research that stigma and discrimination come not only from the general population, but also from health personnel working in the field of care in this area (Ford, 2011; van Boekel et al., 2013). Persons deprived of liberty, minority groups, migrants and displaced persons also face additional barriers to treatment due to stigma and discrimination (UNODC, 2020)...

  • MONITORING‌ ‌&‌ ‌INFORMATION‌ ‌CENTER‌ ‌FOR‌ ‌‌HUMAN‌ ‌RIGHTS‌ ‌VIOLATIONS‌ ‌DURING‌ ‌THE‌ ‌PANDEMIC‌ OF COVID-19
    Vol. 3 No. 1 (2021)

    Social justice, human dignity and sustainability are perceived as the most fundamental values – Freedom, Equality and Fraternity – underlying the Charter of the United Nations.

    Undoubtedly, the health emergency due to COVID-19, declared pandemic in March 2020, has been an event that has tested each of the countries, both in their health and emergency systems, as well as in the respect for the Rule of Law and Human Dignity.

    The ineffectiveness of governments in enforcing mobility restrictions has brought with it other serious consequences, labor rights are being seriously affected and family economies with them.

    It is believed that verifiable data, together with public awareness of the particularly worrying effects of the crisis, will serve as a basis for combating human rights violations.

    The objective of this independent observatory is to collect and analyze allegations of human rights violations during the confinement resulting from the COVID-19 pandemic and to prepare a report for submission to the Office of the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights, the Global Alliance of National Human Rights Institutions and the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights.

    Considering the systematic violations of human rights in the context of the current health crisis, the Knowmad Institut is working with partner organizations and volunteers on a record of violations based on complaints, photographs and videos posted on Twitter.

  • Education Under Occupation
    Vol. 2 No. 1-4 (2020)

    This issue reflects on the significance of human dignity in education, as well as evaluates a perspective on the evolution of the perception of plant-based medicines. Human dignity is a fundamental ethical precept that demands respect for the right to life, to one's own existence and to freedom. It is the ability of an individual to feel dignified and respected by others. It is fundamental to our social functioning. Dignity encompasses certain rights, such as freedom of expression, thought, movement, peaceful assembly, as well as third and fourth generation human rights.

     

  • Bitcoin & Dignidad Humana
    Vol. 2 No. 5 (2020)

    Este escrito surge ante la falta de un texto que ilumine la historia de bitcoin más desde una perspectiva sobre la dignidad humana y menos desde los negocios o el desarrollo técnico. Se sugiere la lectura de este escrito para iniciarse y descubrir facetas más sociales de lo que implica bitcoin, los aspectos relacionados a la dignidad humana y el desarrollo sostenible. De dónde viene y hacia donde puede ir, si cada uno/a de nosotros/as toma acción.

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    Drug Policy, Novel Foods and the Medicalization of Death
    Vol. 1 No. 1-4 (2019)

    The Journal of Multidisciplinary Studies in Human Rights & Science arises from the urgency to promote open science due to current global challenges that interconnect science, technology and society. We offer the research community publication and discovery services of selected open research products in the fields of human rights, sustainable development, ethnobotany, new technologies, special populations and drug policy.