Deflection Encounters: Motivational Interviewing and Maximal Minutes

Michael Clark

doi:10.5281/zenodo.15230680

Autores/as

Michael Clark Center for Strength-Based Strategies https://orcid.org/0009-0009-6301-3400

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15230680

Palabras clave:

Deflexión, deflexión de la justicia penal, entrevista motivacional, crisis de opioides, deflexión previa a la detención, aplicación de la ley, equidad racial, justicia penal, ODS 1, ODS 3, ODS 5, ODS 10, ODS 16

Resumen

Este artículo es una revisión de la práctica para la aplicación de la Entrevista Motivacional (MI) que se aplicará a la programación de la Deflexión de Primera Respuesta. La deflexión se basa en la aplicación de la ley y una serie de respondedores de la comunidad para ser la fuente de referencia para el tratamiento de drogas basado en la comunidad y los servicios de salud mental antes de cualquier crisis potencial o arresto. La deflexión difiere del término común de deflexión, ya que desvía a quienes necesitan servicios para el consumo de sustancias o de salud mental sin que se produzca una detención ni se tramite en el sistema judicial. A continuación se presenta una breve reseña de la estructura innovadora que ha construido Deflection y un breve examen del marco de prestación de este nuevo enfoque. Con más de 1.000 centros de Deflexión actualmente en funcionamiento, esta revisión de la práctica hace un llamamiento para que se preste más atención a los mecanismos de tratamiento que deben utilizarse. En concreto, se analiza la aplicación y el despliegue de la Entrevista Motivacional mediante la revisión de siete beneficios. Se plantea una pregunta al campo: ¿Podría MI ser dotado como una mejor práctica para la deflexión? Una lista de varios de estos beneficios incluyen; Mi emplea métodos no adversariales que se sincroniza con la naturaleza voluntaria de Deflexión junto con la investigación que si MI se añade a una práctica basada en la evidencia existente, MI aumenta los resultados para ambas prácticas. Otros beneficios incluyen que la IM duplica su tamaño de efecto cuando se utiliza con poblaciones minoritarias; tiene técnicas eficaces para reducir la resistencia; y la IM es útil cuando se utiliza con personas que padecen trastorno de estrés postraumático (TEPT) y afecciones concurrentes. Se pide a los lectores que tengan en cuenta que el principal servicio al que se vinculan los programas de deflexión es el tratamiento de los trastornos por consumo de sustancias (TUS) y el tratamiento asistido con medicación (TMA). Con esa conexión de servicio principal, se explica que la IM puede aumentar el sentido de importancia de un cliente para elegir, cumplir y continuar con el uso de MAT. Esta revisión fue más allá para informar de que la IM se ha calificado de "herramienta eficaz" para su uso en plazos cortos y destaca por crear "oportunidades potentes" en los primeros contactos. El término "minutos máximos" se acuña en esta revisión para hablar de cómo el uso del IM puede ayudar a los primeros encuentros con los clientes que se producen dentro de marcos temporales comprimidos.

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